Identification and characterization of yUAP/Sub2p, a yeast homolog of the essential human pre-mRNA splicing factor hUAP56. Multiple roles for the yeast SUB2/yUAP56 gene in splicing. Deletion of MUD2, the yeast homolog of U2AF65, can bypass the requirement for Sub2, an essential spliceosomal ATPase. U2AF65 recruits a novel human DEAD box protein required for the U2 snRNP–branchpoint interaction. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae hyperrecombination mutant hpr1Δ is synthetically lethal with two conditional alleles of the acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase gene and causes a defect in nuclear export of polyadenylated RNA. A conserved mRNA export machinery coupled to pre-mRNA splicing. The yeast HRS1 gene is involved in positive and negative regulation of transcription and shows genetic characteristics similar to SIN4 and GAL11. TFIIS enhances transcriptional elongation through an artificial arrest site in vivo. High-copy-number expression of Sub2p, a member of the RNA helicase superfamily, suppresses hpr1-mediated genomic instability. A complex containing RNA polymerase II, Paf1p, Cdc73p, Hpr1p, and Ccr4p plays a role in protein kinase C signalling. A generic protein purification method for protein complex characterization and proteome exploration. RLR1 (THO2), required for expressing lacZ fusions in yeast, is conserved from yeast to humans and is a suppressor of SIN4. A novel yeast gene, THO2, is involved in RNA pol II transcription and provides new evidence for transcriptional elongation-associated recombination. The yeast HPR1 gene has a functional role in transcriptional elongation that uncovers a novel source of genome instability. A protein complex containing Tho2, Hpr1, Mft1 and a novel protein, Thp2, connects transcription elongation with mitotic recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Splicing factor Sub2p is required for nuclear export through its interaction with Yra1p. Pre-mRNA splicing and mRNA export linked by direct interactions between UAP56 and Aly. The DECD box putative ATPase Sub2p is an early mRNA export factor. The DExH/D box protein HEL/UAP56 is essential for mRNA nuclear export in Drosophila. The protein Aly links pre-messenger-RNA splicing to nuclear export in metazoans. REF, an evolutionarily conserved family of hnRNP-like proteins, interacts with TAP/Me圆7p and participates in mRNA nuclear export. Yra1p, a conserved nuclear RNA binding protein, interacts directly with Me圆7p and is required for mRNA export. Our data indicate that the TREX complex has a conserved role in coupling transcription to mRNA export. The TREX complex is specifically recruited to activated genes during transcription and travels the entire length of the gene with RNA polymerase II. Together, these data define a conserved complex, designated the TREX (‘transcription/export’) complex. Both Aly and UAP56 associate with human counterparts of the THO complex. Moreover, these components operate in the export of bulk poly(A) + RNA as well as of mRNA derived from intronless genes. We also show that Sub2 and Yra1 interact genetically with all four components of the THO complex (Tho2, Hpr1, Mft1 and Thp2). Here we show that both Yra1 and Sub2 are stoichiometrically associated with the heterotetrameric THO complex 8, which functions in transcription in yeast 8, 9, 10, 11. These factors couple the machineries that function in splicing and export of mRNA 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. The essential yeast proteins Yra1 and Sub2 are messenger RNA export factors that have conserved counterparts in metazoans, designated Aly and UAP56, respectively 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.
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